TOTAL LOADS ON COLUMN
- Self weight of column x Number of floor
- Self weight of beams per running meter
- . Load of walls per running meter
- Total Load of slab (Dead load +Live load+ Self weight)
The
columns are also subjected to bending moments which have to considered in the
final design. The best way to design a good structure to use advanced structure
design software like ETABS or STAAD Pro. These tools are leagues ahead of
manual methodology for structure design, and highly recommended.
In
professional practice, these are some basic assumptions we use for structure
loading calculations.
 |
| COLUMN |
SELF WEIGHT OF COLUMN
Self weight
of Concrete is around 2400 kg per cubic meter, which is equivalent to 240KN.
Self weight of Steel is around 8000 kg per cubic meter.Even if we assume a
large column size of 230mm x 600mm with 1% steel and 3meters standard height,
the self weight of column is around 1000 kg per floor, which is equivalent to
10 KN. So, in my calculation, I assume self weight of column to be between 10
to 15 KN per floor.
WEIGHT OF BEAMS
Similar
calculations as above .I assume each meter of beam has dimensions of 230 x 450
mm excluding slab thickness. So the self weight can be around 2.5 KN running
meter.
AND WALL LOAD
Density of
bricks varies between 1500 to 2000 kg per cubic meter, For a 4.5’’ to 9 ‘’
thick wall of 3 meter height and a length of 1 meter, we can calculate the load
per running meter to be equal 0.150 x 1x3x2000= 900 kg is equivalent to 9
kN/meter. You can calculate load per running meter for any brick type using
this technique.
WEIGHT OF CONCRETE BLOCKS
For autoclaved,
aerated concrete blocks like Aerocon or Siporex, the weight per cubic meter is
between 550 to 700 kg per cubic meter. By using these blocks for construction,
the wall loads per running meter can be as low as 4 kN/meter, which can result
in a significant reduction in the cost of construction
WEIGHT SLAB
Assume the slab has thickness of 125mm. Now
each square meter of slab would have a self weight
Of 0.125x 1 x2400= 300 kg which is equivalent to 3 kN. Now,
assume finishing load to be 1 kN per meter and superimposed live load to be 2kN
per meter. So, we can calculate slab load to be around
6 to 7kN per square meter.
 |
| FLOOR LOAD |
FACTOR OF
SEFTY
In the end, after
calculating the entire load on a column, please do not forget to add in the
factor of safety. For IS 456:2000,the factor of safety is 1.5.
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